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Analysis of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension in Patients Visiting the Outpatient of Royal Dental College
Abin B Ajith1, Jifany Babu1, Reshma R1, Kamal Nayana V J1, Aparna PP1, Anshifa Shereef1
1Interns, Royal Dental College, Palakkad, Kerala
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension, often termed the “silent killer,” is a major global health concern and a leading contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Its rising prevalence in India, particularly in Kerala, is linked to lifestyle transitions, dietary changes, and urbanization. Opportunistic screening in healthcare settings, including dental clinics, may aid in early detection.
Aim: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) of a dental college and to promote awareness regarding its prevention and complications.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted on World Hypertension Day 2025 at the Royal Dental College. A total of 51 adult patients (>18 years) attending the dental OPD were included. Blood pressure was measured using standard palpatory and auscultatory methods. Anthropometric measurements were recorded, and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic details, dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and family history. Data were analyzed and presented as percentages.
Result: Among the 51 participants (22 males, 29 females; age range: 25–71 years), 16 individuals (32%) were found to have hypertension. A higher prevalence was observed among females. Among hypertensive participants, 50% reported alcohol consumption, 25% smoking, and 60% had a maternal history of hypertension. The majority followed a non-vegetarian diet (87.8%). Overweight and obesity were observed in 46.9% of participants. Preventive practices included dietary modification (58.3%), exercise (25%), and yoga (16.7%) Conclusion: A considerable prevalence of hypertension was identified among dental OPD patients, with strong associations to modifiable risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, alcohol use, and smoking. The findings emphasize the importance of routine blood pressure screening in dental settings for early detection, patient education, and timely referral, thereby contributing to improved hypertension management and prevention of complications.
Volume 8 Issue 1,January- December
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Original article
